谁知道which that 在定语从句和所有名词性从句中的区别啊～列得清楚一点哦,有追分滴～

谁知道which that 在定语从句和所有名词性从句中的区别啊～
列得清楚一点哦,有追分滴～

which放在剧中的意思是 ...的 that由于句中作主语 或关系词 大多数的题用that

what可以是感吧词,形容词,副词,名词,代词;
which 只能是形容词和代词
What subject do you like?你喜欢什么事物?什么样的,为形容词;
Which subject do you like?你喜欢哪一种的事物?哪个(种)的,也为形容词.
只有相同词性才可以替换.
1,what 表示什么，what class are y...

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what可以是感吧词,形容词,副词,名词,代词;
which 只能是形容词和代词
What subject do you like?你喜欢什么事物?什么样的,为形容词;
Which subject do you like?你喜欢哪一种的事物?哪个(种)的,也为形容词.
只有相同词性才可以替换.
1,what 表示什么，what class are you in 指你在什么班，比如艺术班，书法班，数学班，等等，但which class are you in指的是你在哪一个班，问话的人事先知道有哪些班，然后问对方在那个，或一班，二班，或艺术、数学其中的班。二者在这个用法上的区别不是特别大。有时候可以换用，根据习惯用。
2，当这个句子用在非限制性从句中时，就必须用which，而不是what.比如，the class 4, which class are you in, is a goog class.
【1】做疑问词，what是指“什么”例如：What's your name?，which是指“哪一个物体”Which pen do you want.。
【2】which一般可做定语从句连接词，例如：This is the pen which I want. what一般可做名词性从句的引导词。例如：What you said is true.

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定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物...

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定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
3）which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语）
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。
限制性和非限制性定语从句

1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理•史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

18.5 介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where
Why互换。
This is the house where(in which) I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
关系代词that 的用法
1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用。（指物用which,指人用whom）
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
c) 句首有指示代词that,为了不重复不用that而用其他词。
That man is the person whom your brother sent the letter to this morning.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.
e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
f) 先行词是疑问代词时。
g) 关系代词在句中作表语时。
举例：
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
语法知识归纳(定语从句)
1． 由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句。这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。
This is the man who helped me. The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.
Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?
在定语从句中，若先行词指人，其关系代词可用who, whom, 也可用that。
The girl who/that is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.
The boy (who/whom/that) you saw just now is my brother.
在下列情况下多用或须用 who
① 关系代词在从句中作主语时，多用who.
Do you know the man who spoke just now? The doctor who treated me was very experienced.
②先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时，多用who。
All who heard the news were excited. Anyone who breaks the rule will be punished.
③先行词为those和people时多用who。
Those who want to go please sign their names here. People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.
④在非限制性定语从句中作主语须用who，作宾语须用whom。
Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.
Mr Green, whom you saw in the library yesterday, will teach us physics next term.
⑤在被分割的定语从句中须用who.
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
⑥在以there be开头的句子中多用who.
There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster.
⑦一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。
The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is modest and studies very hard.
Whose引导的定语从句应注意以下几点：
① whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。
That’s the child whose father is an engineer.
② whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.
It was a meeting whose importance I didn’t realize at the time. I saw a tree whose leaves were black with disease.
③ whose在定语从句中与它所修饰的名词一起可作介词的宾语，可以与介词放在先行词与从句之间。
The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.
Tom, on whose bike I went to school is a friend of mine.
④whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同，即whose+名词=the +名词 +of which
The novel whose title( the title of which) is Red and Black is very interesting.
He lives in the room whose window( the window of which) faces south.
2 which引导的定语从句
which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。
This is the book which you want. The building which stands near the river is our school.
The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.
注意：whom, which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上。介词放于前面时，作宾语的关系到代词不能省略。在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。
There was no single person the street to whom she could turn for help.
This is the person whom you are looking for.
3．由that引导的定语从句
that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作宾语。
The letter (that) I received was from my father.
注意：在下面几种情况下必须用that 引导定语从句：
主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
当主语是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复。
Who is the boy that was here just now?
Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?
当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that it used to be. （补充）
4.as引导的定语从句
as 用作关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句，构成, the same …as…, such…as…, so…as…等结构。
I like the same book as you have.
I shall do it again in the same way as you did.
I want to have such a dictionary as he has.
注意：此处要注意定语从句和状语从句的区别。试比较：
Mr Chen gave us such a difficult question as nobody worked out.
Mr Chen gave us such a difficult question that nobody worked it out.
注意：①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
Those who are against the plan please sign your names here.
Anyone who breaks the law is to be punished.
Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
Tom is the one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
② 关系代词whom, which, that在限定性定语从句中作动词宾语或介词宾语，而该介词又位于从句末尾时，经常省略，但as一般不省略。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
① 从意义上：同位语从句对名词作补充说明或进行解释，而定语从句进行修饰，限定，相当于一个形容词的作用。
② 从结构上：同位语从句由连接代词/副词引导，最常用的连接词一般不省略，也不在从句中担任成分，而定语从句由关系代词/副词引导，在定语从句中作主语不能省略作宾语可省略。
③从涵义上：同位语从句与所说明解释的名词无逻辑关系，而定语从句所修饰的名词是该从句逻辑上的主、宾、表、定、状语等。例如：
The news that our team lost the game disappointed all of us.
The news that you told me yesterday is so disappointing.
④同位语从句对说明解释的名词有所限制，大多是一些表示抽象概念的名词，而定语从句所修饰限定的先行词无限制，即可指人，又可指物。
先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? （补充，赵老师没讲到的）

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定语从句的关系代词 that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语
The animal that \which is lost is a panda.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
She is the person that \who we are worried about.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充...

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定语从句的关系代词 that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语
The animal that \which is lost is a panda.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
She is the person that \who we are worried about.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
注意1 that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that
(1) 关系代词前有介词时.
This is the hotel in which you will stay.
(2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us.
注意2that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which.
(1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时
This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.
English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
(2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时
He is the last person that I want to see.
(3) 主句中已有疑问词时
Which is the bike that you lost?
(4) 先行词既有人又有物时
The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.
(5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时
You should hand in all that you have.
We haven’t got much that we can offer you.
I mean the one that you talked about just now.
(6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.
Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.
(7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that
Edison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before.
定语从句的关系副词 Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.
This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there)
介词短语 副词
=This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.
先行词 关系副词
in which I was born.
介词+关系代词
which I was born in.
关系代词
这里作介宾的which和that可以省略
that I was born in
关系代词.

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